El 1-propanol es un alcohol incoloro, soluble en agua, altamente inflamable capaz de formar mezclas explosivas con el aire. Al contacto con los ojos o con la piel puede causar dolor de cabeza, náuseas, vĂłmitos, somnolencia, etc. Su fĂłrmula es C3H8O y se encuentra formado por: 3 átomos de carbono. 8 átomos de hidrĂłgeno. 1 átomo de oxĂgeno.
Electrochemical oxidation of acetone, 2-propanol, and 1-propanol on Pt was studied by slow scan rate voltammetry at 170 °C using fuel cell with the membrane of the H3PO4 doped polybenzimidazole. Reaction rate orders with respect to partial pressures of the aliphatic compounds and water vapors were determined at E = 0.5 V and at E = 0.9 V, which correspond to low and high surface oxide
1-Chloro-2-propanol's production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 4.9 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1-chloro-2-propanol will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere.
Fast Money. Propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol are both alcohols that share the same general chemical formula (C3H8O), so what is the difference between them exactly? It all comes down to their atomic arrangement and how the hydroxyl group is positioned. In a nutshell, the difference between propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol is the position of their respective hydroxyl (-OH) groups. Propan-1-ol has an –OH group attached to its terminal carbon atom while propan-2-ol has an –OH group attached to its middle carbon atom. This small difference in chemical structure is enough to make a noticeable impact in the way these two alcohols behave, in the way they can be used and in the way they are categorised. What Are Alcohols?What is Propanol?Propan-1-olPropertiesChemical StructurePropan-2-olProperties Chemical StructureSimilarities What Are Alcohols? Alcohols are chemical compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms as well as a hydroxyl group (-OH). There are many different types of alcoholic compounds and each one can be put into one of three categories: primary, secondary or tertiary. The category of an alcohol is determined by the position of the hydroxyl group. For example, if the hydroxyl group is attached to a primary or terminal carbon atom, one that is at either end of the carbon chain, then it is a primary alcohol. If the hydroxyl group is attached to any other carbon atom, not at the end of the chain, then it is classified as either secondary or tertiary. The name of an alcohol is derived from the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms as well as the alkane backbone that the hydroxyl group attaches to. For example, an –OH group attaches to an: Ethane (C2H6) backbone to form ethanol (C2H6O) ethyl alcohol Methane (CH4) backbone to form methanol (CH3OH) methyl alcohol Butane (C4H10) backbone to form butanol (C4H10O) butyl alcohol Propane (C3H8) backbone to form propanol (C3H8O) propyl alcohol These four compounds are the simplest alcohols and also the most common, but their different structures give them each different properties. What is Propanol? The molecular structure of propanol is comprised of a 3-carbon backbone that 8 hydrogen atoms, including a hydroxyl group, are attached to. However, the propanol molecule can occur in 2 different forms. This means there are 2 isomers of propanol, and they can be identified by the position of the hydroxyl group on the carbon backbone: Propan-1-ol has its –OH group attached to the terminal carbon atom of the molecule Propan-2-ol has its –OH group attached to the middle carbon atom of the molecule While they do have certain similarities, the structural nuances between the two molecules cause differences in the properties of propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol. Also known as 1-propanol, this compound is a primary alcohol that is most commonly used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry. Although it has the general formula C3H8O, its specific molecular structure can also be expressed as CH3CH2CH2OH to show that the hydroxyl group is attached to a terminal carbon atom. This is what categorises propan-1-ol as a primary alcohol. Properties Physically, propan-1-ol appears as a colourless liquid at room temperature and it is characterised by a fruity flavour and mildly alcoholic smell. Chemically, it is a primary alcohol and an isomer of propan-2-ol. Other notable properties include: Melting Point: -126°C Boiling Point: Molar Mass: g/mol High rate of esterification Difficult to dehydrate Chemical Structure Structurally, propan-1-ol has 3 carbon atoms bonded to each other. This forms the backbone of the molecule. Its structure is only comprised of single bonds, making it a saturated compound. Because the hydroxyl group is connected to a terminal carbon atom, a carbon atom positioned at the end of the carbon chain, propan-1-ol is a primary alcohol. As a primary alcohol, it forms aldehydes when it undergoes oxidation and it is more acidic than other alcohol categories. Propan-2-ol Most commonly known as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or isopropanol, propan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol that has a wide range of applications across many different industries. Like propan-1-ol, its general formula is C3H8O but it can also be structurally expressed as CH3CH(OH)CH3 to show that the hydroxyl group is attached to a middle carbon atom instead of a terminal one. This is what makes propan-2-ol a secondary alcohol. Properties Propan-2-ol is not dissimilar to propan-1-ol in that it appears as a colourless liquid at room temperature. It can be physically distinguished from propan-1-ol by its comparatively pleasant odour and its bitter, instead of fruity taste. Chemically, propan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol and a structural isomer of propan-1-ol. Other notable properties include: Melting Point: -89°C Boiling Point: Molar Mass: g/mol Low rate of esterification Easier to dehydrate than propan-1-ol Chemical Structure Structurally, propan-2-ol also has a backbone of 3 carbon atoms bonded together. Like propan-1-ol, this is also a saturated compounded because it only has single bonds. The only difference in structure between these two isomers is the positioning of the hydroxyl group. Because the –OH group is attached to a middle carbon atom, propan-2-ol is classed as a secondary alcohol. As a secondary alcohol, propan-2-ol is generally more reactive, more stable and less acidic than propan-1-ol. It also forms ketones instead of aldehydes when it undergoes oxidation. Similarities While there are many differences between these two compounds, they also share several similarities: They are both alcoholic compounds They both have the same formula They both contain three carbon atoms They both contain eight hydrogen atoms They both contain a hydroxyl group They are both colourless liquids They have the same molar mass They can both be used as solvents ReAgent are leading manufacturers of propan-2-ol and are internationally recognised for our uncompromising quality. We stock propan-2-ol in a range of pack sizes and grades. Whether you need it for analytical use, laboratory use or general use, we have the product that’s right for you.
Case Reports Poisoning with 1-propanol and 2-propanol M Vujasinovic et al. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2007 Dec. Abstract 1-Propanol and 2-propanol are isomers of an alcohol with three carbons. They are colorless liquids with a sweet odor. 1-Propanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to propionic acid and presents with metabolic acidosis and elevated anion gap, whereas 2-propanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetone and presents with rapidly developing (within 3-4 h after exposure) ketosis and ketonuria but without metabolic acidosis. We report a patient who simultaneously ingested a lethal dose of 1-propanol and 2-propanol as a hand disinfectant in hospital. The patient lost consciousness and stopped breathing within half an hour after ingestion. He was intubated and artificially ventilated. Initial laboratory results showed mixed acidosis with elevated anion gap, but ketonuria appeared only 12 h after admission and 6 h following the regaining of consciousness. Therefore, laboratory results in simultaneous poisoning with two isomers of alcohol are not just a sum of laboratory results obtained in isolated poisoning with each isomer because they influence each other's metabolism: 1-propanol retards the metabolism of 2-propanol to acetone. In conclusion, 1-propanol and 2-propanol poisoning presents early with mixed acidosis and elevated anion gap and only later with ketonuria. Similar articles Isopropanol poisoning. Slaughter RJ, Mason RW, Beasley DM, Vale JA, Schep LJ. Slaughter RJ, et al. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014 Jun;52(5):470-8. doi: Epub 2014 May 9. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014. PMID: 24815348 Review. A case of mixed intoxication with isopropyl alcohol and propanol-1 after ingestion of a topical antiseptic solution. Blanchet B, Charachon A, Lukat S, Huet E, Hulin A, Astier A. Blanchet B, et al. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007 Sep;45(6):701-4. doi: Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007. PMID: 17849246 Life-threatening isopropyl alcohol intoxication: is hemodialysis really necessary? Trullas JC, Aguilo S, Castro P, Nogue S. Trullas JC, et al. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004 Oct;46(5):282-4. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004. PMID: 15487656 [Acute oral poisoning with isopropyl alcohol in alcoholics]. Wiernikowski A, Piekoszewski W, Krzyzanowska-Kierepka E, Gomułka E. Wiernikowski A, et al. Przegl Lek. 1997;54(6):459-63. Przegl Lek. 1997. PMID: 9333902 Polish. Metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap. Hertford JA, McKenna JP, Chamovitz BN. Hertford JA, et al. Am Fam Physician. 1989 Apr;39(4):159-68. Am Fam Physician. 1989. PMID: 2650500 Review. Cited by Thirteen-week inhalation toxicity study of 1-propanol in F344 rats. Kim YS, Park KY, Cho ES. Kim YS, et al. Toxicol Rep. 2021 Nov 6;8:1839-1845. doi: eCollection 2021. Toxicol Rep. 2021. PMID: 34815948 Free PMC article. Evaluation of 1-Propanol Toxicity in B6C3F1 Mice via Repeated Inhalation over 28 and 90 Days. Cho ES, Lee YH, Han JH, Kim SJ, Park KY, Jo JM, Lee SB. Cho ES, et al. J Toxicol. 2020 Sep 24;2020:9172569. doi: eCollection 2020. J Toxicol. 2020. PMID: 33029140 Free PMC article. Four-week inhalation toxicity study of 1-propanol in F344 rats. Kim YS, Cho ES, Park KY, Lim CH. Kim YS, et al. Toxicol Res. 2020 Jan 20;36(4):285-292. doi: eCollection 2020 Oct. Toxicol Res. 2020. PMID: 33005587 Free PMC article. Leakage of isopropanol from port protectors used in neonatal care-Results from an in vitro study. Hjalmarsson LB, Hagberg J, Schollin J, Ohlin A. Hjalmarsson LB, et al. PLoS One. 2020 Jul 7;15(7):e0235593. doi: eCollection 2020. PLoS One. 2020. PMID: 32634171 Free PMC article. Standard Surgical Skin Markers Should Be Avoided for Intraoperative Vein Graft Marking during Cardiac and Peripheral Bypass Operations. Wise ES, Cheung-Flynn J, Brophy CM. Wise ES, et al. Front Surg. 2016 Jun 20;3:36. doi: eCollection 2016. Front Surg. 2016. PMID: 27379243 Free PMC article. No abstract available. Publication types MeSH terms Substances LinkOut - more resources Full Text Sources Atypon Miscellaneous NCI CPTAC Assay Portal
How the following conversions can be carried out? 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
propanol 1 to propanol 2
